Q3 Update: Strong Opinions, Weakly Held

Nothing discussed/written should be considered as investment advice. Please do your own research or speak to a financial advisor before putting a dime of your money into these crazy markets. In other words, if you buy something I bought, you deserve to lose your money.

The only reason why I am making my portfolio public because it provides accountability to me. Some or all the analysis I provide could be from the top of my head and should not be considered accurate.

My investing goal is simple; to try to manage risk while being fully invested without market timing. Howard Marks said it best, “even though we can’t predict, we can prepare.”

All my references to the Market are only for the US Market.

Performance

From Q2 to Q3 I am down 2% (SPY was up 2.3%).

YearMeSPY
202021.30%18.37%
202127.50%16.40%

Where We Are Now

The best movie I’ve seen this year is Empty Man (its free for HBO Max subscribers). In the beginning four hikers have to cross rickety bridge in order to continue their hike. That’s how I feel the markets are now. In other words, in order to have enough money for retirement or financial independence I have to cross this rickety bridge.

What’s different between October 2021 and March of 2020 is the condition of the bridge. In March the bridge was sturdy because I was buying Berkshire, Markel, Carriage Services, Schwab and Micron at extremely favorable prices. When Meb Faber, Jeremy Grantham, Tobias Carlisle, Jess Felder, John Hussman, Michael Burry and other OG’s say the Market is overheated it’s difficult not sell a lot of my gains and have a higher position than I currently have (its currently 3.1%).

I recently came across this blog post by Jesse Livermore. He argues that percentage of stocks in all of investors portfolios is the greatest predictor of how hot the Market is. You can view the chart below (via FRED).

I absolutely love his article. Bubbles aren’t born with people calculating their rate of return or considering their risk tolerance; bubbles are born out of speculation. People see people making a lot of money and they want to jump in. When too many people are speculating the Market becomes a game of musical chairs because eventually there are less people willing to buy and hold stocks.

The FRED chart shows we’re almost at the peak of 2000. I can see a scenario where we’re at/near the peak of the bubble and the Market crashes like it did in the early 2000s. I can also see the continuation of a grinding, low growing bull market that we’ve experienced since 2009.

The average PE multiple for the past 31 years is 22.6 (excluding 2009). We’re currently at about 34, which is about one and half standard deviations from the mean. Using this information alone you can come to the conclusion that the Market is not in a bubble; it’s overheated but not a bubble.

There are two ways to interrupt what I’ve written so far. One is this is a typical late cycle talking point that is said right before the Market blows up. The other is the grinding bull market thesis is directionally correct; we’ll have corrections/minor speed bumps going forward but the Market grind upward. Whatever scenario occurs people will say they always knew which interpretation was correct in hindsight.

I currently believe we’re going to have a continuation of the grinding bull market. Ken Fisher has said for Market collapse to occur something really big that isn’t pre-priced in the Market has to happen. Inflation is top of mind in the financial media. My question is 3-5% inflation already pre-priced because the Market is constantly pre-pricing known information. Also, if you think a collapse is going to occur you have to assume the Federal Reserve and its printing press will not intervene. The Federal Reserve bought bond ETFs in 2020, which at the time was unheard of. What makes you think they won’t do something unheard during the next recession?

This is how I feel about my portfolio. I tried to implement a barbell approach to my portfolio. I think a valid criticism is I lean too much on the defensive side. Like most people I don’t like risk so the fact I haven’t trimmed my biggest position, which on paper right now, is a money losing company indicates I’m willing to let this position run.

I think my portfolio is relatively diversified (Chris Cole would probably say otherwise but that said, I am fan of the Dragon Portfolio. His work is the reason why I hold physical precious metals and bought farmland). What portfolio lacks is trend following. I think whatever new money I add to my account I should incorporate trend following.

This is how I’m managing my cash. I’ll make my annual contribution to my IRA next year but I am not planning to add any more money to the Market this year or next year. Other than my house I have no debt and my mortgage rate is 2.50%. I am going to hold more cash going forward for two purposes.

  1. My car, which is paid off, is relatively old and I want to have cash available for a new used car
  2. If I find a security that is a screaming buy I’ll have the cash to make a purchase

In other words, I have my opinion but its weakly held.

Portfolio Update/Activity

I sold all my shares Brighthouse Financial to buy shares in Alibaba and Tencent. I’m currently evaluating a potential third Chinese company. In regards to China as a whole, I think investors are too worried about China’s control on the economy and their corporations within it. I don’t have a massive amount of confidence in my China opinion but the prices I paid makes the best worthwhile and the bets are so small I can live with those investments going to zero.

I’m giving all my Chinese investments at least a year before I think about pressing the sell button. I honestly wanted to say two years instead of one, but if the stocks revert back to where they were a few months ago it would be difficult for me to not sell or trim the positions.

The table below is a breakdown of my portfolio on September 30, 2021 after the close. What you see below where my entire net worth, excluding my home, is allocated. Lastly, my 401k is 100% invested in a Small Cap Value Fund.

Company%
PLXP12.4%
BRK.B9.9%
MU8.9%
MKL6.4%
BAC5.9%
SCHW3.3%
MO3.2%
MMP3.1%
GVAL2.2%
EPD2.1%
AIMFF2.1%
HII1.8%
OGZPY1.8%
ZIG1.7%
GLRE1.7%
EQC1.6%
BABA1.5%
GD1.4%
NOC1.4%
NEM1.4%
ERUS1.2%
KGC1.1%
XOM0.9%
LMT0.9%
SMIT0.8%
TCEHY0.8%
PREKF0.8%
CVX0.7%
EPOL0.5%
FNDC0.4%
RTX0.4%
FRFHF0.4%
FFXXF0.2%
EWUS0.1%
FPI0.0%
LAND0.0%
ACGBY0.0%
SRMLF0.0%
Gold2.8%
Platinum0.7%
Farmland3.8%
I Bonds3.6%
Cash3.0%
401k3.3%

Below is a breakdown by category:

Bonds3.6%
Cash3.0%
Conglomerate9.9%
Defense5.9%
Financials9.1%
Insurance6.8%
International7.0%
Manager6.3%
Oil/Gas9.4%
Other3.2%
Pharma12.4%
Precious Metals5.9%
Real Estate5.5%
Semiconductor8.9%
Small Value3.3%
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2021 NFBC 12-Team Mixed League Recap

The 2021 season ended and I finished in second place; the standings can be found in the image below. Obviously I didn’t get the outcome I hoped for but I doubled my money. To see my thoughts right after the draft please see my 2021 draft recap.

In my last five leagues (all NFBC 12-team mixed league 5×5 roto) I’ve finished in the money in all of them and won three of them. The main reason for my success has been finding value that is undervalued by the Market. I’m going to discuss are some of my biggest draft successes and failures because I believe that’s the only way to consistently improve.

*all ADP data is from NFBC and Player Rater data is from ESPN. Also you’ll see my preseason projections and their 2021 output.

Successes

Tommy Edman: He had an average ADP of 127. I selected him 98th overall. He finished the year as the 33rd most valuable player on the Player Rater.

 ABAVGHRRBIRSB
Projection550.283176510018
2021641.26211569130

I didn’t think he would steal that many bases, but when you draft a player who can steal 15 or more bases you’re basically buying a call option on the player wildly surpassing your expectations. After looking at his advanced stats this year I was too optimistic on the home runs. I think I will project 10-13 home runs for him next season.

Will Smith: I didn’t draft him but on May 16 I acquired him via waivers for a $271 of my FAAB. The next highest bid was $108. I have no idea why he was dropped and no one wanted him. When he was dropped he was hitting approximately .230/.380/.452 with three home runs. However, if his fantasy owner, who actually finished 11th out of 12 teams, actually looked at the advanced stats he/she would’ve known Smith was a far better player than his small sample suggested. Smith finished the year as the 3rd best catcher on the Player Rater.

 ABAVGHRRBIRSB
Projection420.2671868600.5
2021414.2582576713

Next year Smith will either be my 2nd or 3rd catcher because he hits high in the lineup and will get more RBI and R opportunities. If the NL gets the DH I may give the edge to Realmuto because I think the Phillies will give him 20 games at the DH while I think the Dodgers will give the DH to other hitters.

Eduardo Escobar: I drafted Escobar (290th overall) as an insurance policy for my CI positions. He finished the year as the 85th best player overall on the Rater.

 ABAVGHRRBIRSB
Projection570.26423.585772
2021549.2532890771

After my draft I wrote, “Escobar is always underrated. He’s going to hit fourth in the lineup and hit 20-25 home runs with a lot of RBI and a batting average that won’t hurt you.” I think the Market saw his brutal 2020 numbers and thought he was done. He may have been but the price I paid meant my downside was protected. 

Mitch Haniger – I drafted Haniger and Polanco (below) back-to-back in my draft (191st and 194th overall respectively). I didn’t see the power coming from Haniger but I knew he was probably their best or second best hitter and he was going to hit high in the lineup if he was healthy. The biggest reason why he was so heavily discounted was he didn’t play baseball for 1.5 years. But when he was healthy he was a very good hitter. Like I mentioned several times already; at the price I was paying I didn’t have much downside.

 ABAVGHRRBIRSB
Projection520.27022.570865.5
2021620.253391101001

I don’t think the power is legit and he’ll probably be overdrafted next year. I’m going to project 26-29 home runs next year with a .249 batting average. The contact rates are declining and he’s not going to steal bases anymore. Also, he’s probably going to bat 4th which means he won’t score as many runs.

Jorge Polanco – Polanco was unfairly punished in drafts for reasons unknown. If I were to guess it was due to his subpar 2020 shortened season. Quick aside; I have no idea why anyone heavily weighted the 2020 season. It was 50-60 games. So much randomness can occur in that amount of time.

 ABAVGHRRBIRSB
Projection580.2832085856.5
2021588.26933989711

Among shortstops Polanco was rated 12th; the Market rated him 24th. Finding players that are underrated by the Market is how you win leagues. If you pay market price for everyone you’re going to have an average team. The Market hated Polanco so much he went after Willi Castro. Polanco’s power is not legit; I think he’s a 20-25 home run guy with a .267 batting average next year. He’s going to hit in the top four spots of the lineup next year and he should accumulate similar stats as last season.

Anthony DeSclafani: I didn’t have a lot of pitching success this year which is why there’s only one pitcher mentioned. It seems like DeSclafani is always on my teams. I think he’s always underperformed his true talent which is why I always think he’s a value in drafts.

 InningsERAWHIPKW
Projection1703.751.2017510
2021167.23.171.0915213

I thought the Giants would be very bad this season which is why I underrated his win projection. DeSclafani got very lucky during his road starts; he had 4.02 xFIP compared to a 3.22 ERA. He’ll be a free agent after the playoffs so his value will be dependent on where he lands. Since he had a good baseball card statistics he may be overdrafted next year.

Sal Perez: I had Perez as my second catcher overall and I had zero expectations he would have the season he’d have. The most shocking statistic was games played and his at-bats. The Royals played him at DH for 40 games.

 ABAVGHRRBIRSB
Projection470.26024.580620
2021620.27348121881

Considering the Royals don’t have a deep lineup I hope the Royals play him more at DH. That said, the power looks like an outlier; kind of like Pete Alonso’s rookie season. I think Perez will hit 30-35 home runs with a .260 batting average. If you look at the big decline in contact rates it’s very possible he only hits .250 next year. If you’re in a 12-team 2-catcher league is Perez a top 20 hitter? I think he may be but if you pay that price he has to hit .260 with 30 home runs and get 580 at-bats. For me, the price may be too high but that may be his fair value.

Failures

Charlie Blackmon: I didn’t have high expectations for Blackmon as evidenced by projection below. The biggest reason why I liked Blackmon was the batting average he would have provided and I didn’t see any decline in his advanced metrics.

 ABAVGHRRBIRSB
Projection570.2952493852.5
2021514.2701378763

As of now I think he was a little unlucky with the batting average but I think the days of him hitting above the .290’s are over. I think you can project a .280 batting average. I think there is more power in the bat. He had 3% HR/FB rate on the road. Maybe the new ball dampened his power potential but 3% is extremely unlucky. I’ll estimate 15-18 home runs next year.

Nick Senzel – I give myself a mulligan on Senzel because he didn’t play much. However, with Jonathan India cementing himself at second base the only position Senzel can get at-bats is in center field. When Senzel was healthy he was sharing center field with Tyler Naquin. If Senzel was highly regarded by the Reds he wouldn’t have had to split time a fourth outfielder in Naquin.

Zack Greinke – I drafted Greinke in the 12th round and as the 60th starting pitcher overall. I thought after my draft I got a steal. There was downside with Greinke but at the price I paid I thought it was worth the risk. Also, I didn’t think he would decline as much he did.

 InningsERAWHIPKW
Projection1903.551.1217013
20211714.161.1712011

If Greinke wants to play next year he’ll find a team like the A’s, Pirates, or Rays that will give him a cheap one year contract but at this point he’s no more than the 6th starting pitcher in a 12-team mixed league because the low strikeouts totals will hamper your team.

Pitching In General – I got too cute with my starting pitching. I built my strategy on mixing and matching all year long but injuries and Covid forced me to have more hitters on my bench which meant I had to start pitchers I didn’t want to all the time. I think next year I’ll have to pay for pitching earlier in my drafts.

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Q2 Update: Fully Invested Bear

Nothing discussed/written should be considered as investment advice. Please do your own research or speak to a financial advisor before putting a dime of your money into these crazy markets. In other words, if you buy something I bought, you deserve to lose your money.

Even though no one will read this I am making my portfolio public because it provides accountability. Some or all the analysis I provide could be from the top of my head and should not be considered 100% accurate.

For the second quarter I’m up 17.9% while SPY, a S&P 500 index fund, is up 5.9%. I honestly don’t care what my performance is quarter to quarter because there is nothing intelligent that one can say about short periods like three months.

All my references to the Market are only for the US Market.

My goal is simple; to try to manage risk while being fully invested without market timing. Howard Marks said it best, “even though we can’t predict, we can prepare.”

*this letter may not be as well written as previous letters; that is because I was in the middle of a move.

Portfolio Update

For the year-to-date I am up 27.3% while the S&P 500 is up 15.3%. My outperformance this quarter was due to value stocks continuing to do well and PLx Pharma Inc. increasing 62%. I have been adding to the position and it is now my third largest holding on a cost basis.

Where We Are Now

Inflation has been running hot but the bond market doesn’t care. In fact, US bond yields have been decreasing in June. On March 29, 2021 the 10-year Treasury closed at 1.721%. At the close on June 30 it closed at 1.485%. Adam Robinson says when the Market is doing something and you’re confused by what’s happening the onus is on you to update your view of the world.

A lot of legendary investors say the bond market is the most intelligent of all the equity markets. I know the Federal Reserve is buying a lot of bonds, but they can’t be buying all the bonds and thus, causing the interest rates to decrease.

So, what is the bond market telling us? My best guess is they think inflation is indeed transitory and/or GDP growth is going to slow down a lot; possible as soon as the end of 2021. If growth slows then US stocks are going to take a dive especially the little to no revenue growth names.

However, it’s possible low bond yields are near term bullish for stocks. “The S&P 500 closed at a new all-time high this past week (June 11, 2021), while the 10-year yield closed at its lowest level in three months—only the 18th time since 1968 that the index closed at a three-year high while bonds traded at a near-term low. On previous occasions, the S&P 500 was higher six months later 82% of the time, with a median gain of 6.9%. Growth stocks gained 5.4% and were higher 71% of the time, while value stocks gained 11.2% and were higher 88% of the time—giving value the upper hand.” (Source: Barrons.com)

Lower interest rates are good for stocks but I keep coming back to:

  • Can the Federal Reserve keep buying assets forever?
    • No. When will they stop? No one knows especially since they’re the ones with the money printer.
  • Stocks can’t go up forever.
    • In the fabulous book Bull! By Maggie Mahar there were professional investors who called a top in 1995 and they had to wait five years before deploying their capital. Am I capable of selling and going to cash?
  • As a world, especially in the developed parts, growth in GDP is going to be difficult because of demographics.
    • If you combine a low growth world with a ton of debt and already all-time low interest rates things don’t look good. In that world having cash maybe more preferable.
  • If I sell stocks and go to cash I am trading in an asset like Bank of America that will give me a shareholder yield of about 7-10% for an asset that will lose its value over time. On the flip side, having cash is like having a huge call option.

“The periodic liquidation of parts of a portfolio has a cathartic effect. For the many investors who prefer to remain fully invested at all times, it is easy to become complacent, sinking or swimming with current holdings. ‘Dead wood’ can accumulate and be neglected while losses build. By contrast, when the securities in a portfolio frequently turn into cash, the investor is constantly challenged to put that cash to work, seeking out the best values available.” (Source: Margin of Safety by Seth Klarman)

I’m very uneasy about the forward returns for US market. I’ve seen forecasts as low as negative five percent to maybe four percent after inflation with dividends reinvested.

As of now I’m a fully invested bear. When I see the Buffet Indicator and Cape Ratio at screaming high levels it’s extremely difficult to not have any cash lying around because I wouldn’t be surprised if at any moment US stocks get a correction larger than 10%.

Most importantly, do not confuse a bull market for intelligence.

Inflation

In my Q1 update I cited the increase in bank loans as a catalyst for inflation. Well, according to the latest data loan volume is almost back to levels seen in January 2020. I have no feel for what will happen with inflation; I can see either scenario playing out and I won’t be surprised at either outcome.

Bonds

I Bonds

Since I’m a homeowner again it’s important to build up my rainy day fund. Most people need 3-12 months of costs saved. How many months is the best? It’s a personal choice. Having a lot of cash with interest rates at 0.5% and 2-5% inflation is an awful prospect.

I read the articles from the Rational Walk and Jason Zweig about I Bonds. They currently yield 3.54% until Nov. 1, 2021. The interest rate resets every six months and interest is earned on the bond every month.

Quoting from Mr. Zweig’s article, “What if interest rates or inflation head lower? Yes, the yield can decline. But, unlike with Treasury inflation-protected securities, or TIPS, the yield on I bonds can never go below zero.”

You can buy up to $10,000 a year. I Bonds are also exempt from state and local income tax but they are subject to federal income tax. If you hold for five years or more you get the full amount of interest. If you sell them between 1-5 years you lose the previous three months of interest. You have to hold the bonds for at least 12 months.

Inflation for May was five percent. Buying a bond that only yields 3.54% doesn’t make sense. However, a rainy day fund is emergency cash so in my opinion you should consider what interest rates can you get for your cash. I can’t find anything larger than 3.54%.

Most importantly (for me), the real interest rate on my home is 2.70%. If I can put money into I Bonds at 3.54% I should make a slight profit on the spread (between the two rates) even after paying Federal taxes.

In other words, I believe I Bonds are fantastic for my personal situation because after five years I could cash out my I Bonds and pay my mortgage and make a slight profit with virtually zero risk.

Portfolio Activity

I added a starter position to PrairieSky Royalty ($PREKF) in my IRA. I had to buy it in my IRA because of the way the dividends are taxed. They’re a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”), which is a fancy way of saying you’ll get taxed a ton. Since Micron was a big part of the IRA I had to trim it; I didn’t want to pay exhorbant amount of taxes. (I am still very bullish on Micron.)

PrairieSky is a pure-play royalty company, generating royalty revenues from oil and natural gas across 16 million acres in Western Canada. I came across them because the business model was very similar to Texas Pacific Land Corporation ($TPL).

PrairieSky has a large buyback (they bought 4% of shares last year), virtually no debt and is selling at a much lower multiple than $TPL (image below and source of image). I approximate a free cash flow yield at 6% without a lot of costs to run the business.

I bought Schmitt Industries ($SMIT) at two-times book value. They company is based in Portland, OR. In fact, their office is a two minute drive from one of my hiking spots in Forest Park.

Schmitt designs, manufactures and sells high precision test and measurement products, solutions and services via their Acuity and Xact product lines.

The Acuity product uses laser measurement sensors for dimensional measurement in a wide range of applications, including factory automation, surface profile scanning, crane positioning, road profiling, tire production, semiconductor manufacturing and many other industrial and commercial applications.

The Xact product uses satellite remote tank monitors include both ultrasonic and gauge reader sensors that provide remote fill level monitoring of propane, diesel and other tank-based liquids for tanks anywhere in the world.

Another very attractive aspect to Schmitt is they have a combined NOL for about $11-12 million at both the federal and state level, which could be used to offset future taxable income or otherwise payable taxes.

I’m most intrigued by the CEO Michael Zapata. I saw he was mentioned in William Green’s new book Richer, Wiser, Happier. I also listened to an interview with him on Invest Like The Best Podcast. Based on my research Mr. Zapata seems like an incredibly intelligent investor. In July 2020 Schmitt bought Ample Hills Creamery for an incredibly low price. He currently owns about 14-15% of the stock. Having an owner-operator is a double edged sword; things go really well and very poorly.

In Guy Spier’s book The Education of a Value Investor he discusses how by owning shares in a company you’re now in a relationship with management. From everything I’ve read I want to be in a relationship with Mr. Zapata.

The table below is a breakdown of my portfolio on June 30, 2021 after the close.

Company%
MU12.6%
BRK.B10.7%
PLXP9.6%
MKL6.7%
BAC5.9%
MMP3.6%
MO3.5%
SCHW3.4%
AIMFF2.3%
GVAL2.3%
EPD2.3%
GLRE2.2%
HII2.1%
EQC1.8%
ZIG1.8%
NEM1.7%
NOC1.5%
GD1.5%
OGZPY1.4%
KGC1.4%
EWY1.2%
ERUS1.2%
SMIT1.1%
LMT1.0%
XOM1.0%
BHF0.9%
PREKF0.9%
CVX0.7%
FNDC0.5%
EPOL0.5%
EWS0.4%
FRFHF0.4%
RTX0.4%
FFXXF0.3%
ICOL0.2%
EWUS0.1%
FPI0.0%
LAND0.0%
Cash0.8%
Gold3.0%
Platinum0.8%
Farmland4.1%
I Bonds2.1%

Below is a breakdown by category:

Bonds2.1%
Cash0.8%
Conglomerate10.7%
Defense6.5%
Financials10.2%
Insurance7.1%
International6.7%
Manager7.4%
Oil9.8%
Other3.5%
Pharma9.6%
Precious Metals6.9%
Real Estate6.0%
Semiconductor12.6%
Grand Total100.0%
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